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Iron Overload occurs when, after many years, the body absorbs an abundance of iron
which builds up in organ tissues such as the heart and - or liver.
Iron overload is a serious chronic condition that must be properly diagnosed and
treated. Undiagnosed iron overload can lead to hemochromatosis - a potentially life-threatening
disease.
The majority of cases are genetic in origin, those of European descent are most likely to have the gene mutation that causes iron overload which can lead to hemochromatosis.
Other non-genetic causes may occur such a s:
- Complications from other blood disorders.
- Chronic transfusion therapy.
- Chronic hepatitis.
- Excessive iron intake.
While there is no distinct set of symptoms that indicate iron overload, early symptoms of iron overload or hemochromatosis include:
- Fatigue
- Weakness
- Weight loss
- Joint pain
- Abdominal pain
- As iron overload progresses, people often experience:
- Arthritis
- Symptoms of Gonadal failure
- Dyspnea or shortness of breath
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Certain conditions are associated with the advanced stages of hemochromatosis include:
- Arthritis
- Abnormal liver function
- Glucose intolerance
- Diabetes
- Severe fatigue
- Hypopituitarism
- Hypogonadism
- Cardiomyopathy and arrhythmia
- Liver cirrhosis
- Liver cancer
- Heart failure
- Grey or bronze skin pigmentation
Other factors may influence the progression of hemochromatosis include:
- Excess iron in the diet
- Alcohol consumption
- Vitamin C intake
- Infections
- Iron lost through menstruation or blood donations
- Environmental factors