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Maltase is an enzyme that is the catalyst in the hydrolysis of disaccharide maltose to the simple sugar form - glucose, and is found in plants, bacteria, yeast; and in humans. Although the enzyme can be ingested in the diet, it is thought to be able to be manufactured in the body by the mucus membrane lining in the intestinal wall.

When starch is eaten, it is partially digested and transformed to maltose by both the saliva enzymes and pancreatic enzymes called amylases. The maltase secreted in the intestines, then converts this maltose into a more ready usable sugar glucose, or the glucose could also be stored in the liver for future use.

Maltase works at breaking down grain. For example, the sugar maltose is made from two glucose molecules bonded together. The enzyme maltase is shaped in such a way that it can break the bond and free the two glucose pieces. The only thing maltase can do is break maltose molecules, but it can do that very rapidly and efficiently.

Other types of enzymes can put atoms and molecules together.

 

Breaking molecules apart and putting molecules together is what enzymes do, and there is a specific enzyme for each chemical reaction needed to make the cell work properly.

 

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Protease enzymes (also termed peptidase or proteinase) break down proteins. A protease is any enzyme that conducts proteolysis, that is, begins protein catabolism by hydrolysis of the peptide bonds that link amino acids together in the polypeptide chain forming the protein.

Found in the stomach, pancreatic, and intestinal juices. Protease digests proteins. The protease enzymes are a family of enzymes, which demonstrate the ability to breakdown or hydrolyse protein.

The protease enzymes are also referred to as proteolytic enzymes, both endopeptidases (e.g., pepsin, cathespins, papain) and exopeptidases (e.g., carboxypeptidases aminopeptidases, dipeptidases.)

The protease enzymes are said to help:

 

 

Sucrase is a number of enzymes that catalyse the hydrolysis of sucrose to fructose and glucose.

 

Sucrase is synthesised in the small intestine by the brush border, and secreted by the tips of the villi epithelium, particularly in the duodenum.

 

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Maltese - Protease - Sucrase