Treatment
Amoxicillin
A class of antibiotics known as penicillin's. These antibiotics all have a similar
mechanism of action. They do not kill bacteria, they prevent the bacteria from multiplying
by stopping the bacteria from forming the walls that surround them. These walls are
necessary to protect bacteria from their environment and to keep the contents of
the bacterial cell together.
Side effects may occur
- Candida (Overgrowth)
- Headache
- Nausea
- Stomach Pain
- Thrush
- Vaginal Itching (Discharge)
Serious effects may occur (rare)
- Agitation
- Appetite Loss
- Clay Coloured Stools
- Confusion
- Dark Urine
- Diarrhoea
- Fever
- Flu Type Symptoms
- Jaundice
- Low Fever
- Seizure
- Skin Rash
- Sore throat
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Azithromycin
An antibiotic (macrolide-type) used to treat a wide variety of bacterial infections
Side effects may occur
- Stomach upset / abdominal pain
- Diarrhoea
- Itching
- Nausea
- Rash
- Stomach - Abdominal pain
- Vomiting
Serious effects may occur (rare)
- Breathing Problems
- Dark Urine
- Dizziness
- Hearing Loss
- Persistent Nausea
- Severe Stomach - Abdominal Pain
- Yellowing of the Eyes or Skin.
- Azithromycin may rarely cause a severe intestinal condition - Pseudomembranous Colitis
[1] due to a resistant bacteria. The condition may occur weeks after treatment has
stopped.
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Cefuroxime - Ceftin®
A semisynthetic cephalosporin antibiotic, chemically similar to penicillin.
Side effects may occur
- Diarrhoea
- Nausea
- Vomiting
- Abdominal pain
- Headache
- Rash
- Hives
- Vaginitis
- Mouth ulcers.
Because cefuroxime is chemically related to penicillin, an occasional patient can
have an allergic reaction, sometimes even Anaphylaxis [2] to both medications.
Cefuroxime and other antibiotics can alter the normal bacteria flora of the colon
and permit overgrowth of C. difficile, a bacteria responsible for - Pseudomembranous
Colitis.[1]
Patients who develop - Pseudomembranous Colitis as a result of antibiotics treatment
may experience:
- Abdominal Pain
- Diarrhoea
- Fever
- Shock (very rare)
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Clarithromycin
A type of medication known as a macrolide antibiotic which works by preventing bacteria
from producing proteins that are essential to them. Without these proteins the bacteria
cannot grow, replicate and increase in numbers.
Clarithromycin doesn’t directly kill the bacteria, but leaves them unable to increase
in numbers. The remaining bacteria eventually die or are destroyed by the immune
system.
Side effects may occur
- Abdominal Pain
- Abnormal heart beats - arrhythmias The heart rate can become abnormally rapid, slow
or irregular.
- Allergic Skin Reactions
- Confusion
- Diarrhoea
- Disturbed taste and smell
- Dizziness
- Difficulty sleeping or bad dreams
- Headache
- Indigestion
- Liver or Kidney disorders
- Low blood sugar - hypoglycaemia
- Nausea
- Oral Thrush
- Pain in the Muscles or Joints
- Pins and needles
- Reversible loss of Hearing
- Sore Mouth
- Vomiting
Doxycycline
A synthetic (man-made) antibiotic derived from tetracycline (tetracyclines are a
large family of antibiotics that were discovered as natural products by Benjamin
Minge Duggar). It works by interrupting the production of proteins by bacteria.
Side effects may occur
- Abdominal pain
- Diarrhoea
- Exaggerated sunburn
- Nausea
- Vomiting
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Tetracycline
A broad-spectrum polyketide antibiotic
Side effects may occur
- Breathing Problems
- Bruising
- Changes in Skin Colour
- Chills
- Dark-Coloured Urine
- Decreased Urination
- Diarrhoea
- Fever
- Hives
- Itching of the Rectum or Vagina
- Joint Stiffness or Swelling
- Light-Coloured Bowel Movement
- Loss of appetite
- Severe Headache
- Skin Rash
- Sore mouth
- Vision Problems
- Yellowing of the skin or eyes
- Sore Throat
- Stomach Upset
- Stomach Pain
- Swallowing Problems
- Tiredness Confusion
- Unusual Bleeding
- Vomiting
- Weakness
1. Pseudomembranous colitis - sometimes called antibiotic-associated colitis or C.
difficile colitis, is an inflammatory condition of the colon that occurs in some
people who have received antibiotics. The inflammation in pseudomembranous colitis
is almost always associated with an overgrowth of the bacterium Clostridium difficile
(C. difficile), although in rare cases, other organisms can be involved. Pseudomembranous
colitis occurs more often in adults than in children, and it's rare in infants because
of protective antibodies received from their mothers. The condition can cause you
to experience painful, alarming symptoms and can even become life-threatening. However,
treatment for most cases of pseudomembranous colitis is successful. mayoclinic.com
2. Anaphylaxis (also known as anaphylactic shock) is a severe, potentially fatal
allergic reaction. Anaphylaxis is your body's immune system reacting badly to the
presence of a foreign object (e.g. food or a substance) it wrongly perceives as a
threat. Your whole body is affected, usually within minutes of contact with an allergen
but sometimes, the reaction can take place hours later. nhsdirect.nhs.uk
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